How to Prevent All Roaming Charges in Portugal (2026)
To avoid roaming charges in Portugal, turn off data roaming in your phone settings and activate a travel eSIM on MEO.
AT&T, Verizon, and T-Mobile each charge differently for Portugal roaming. AT&T: $10/day. Verizon: $10/day with 2GB cap. T-Mobile: free but throttled to 256 Kbps. An eSIM on MEO gives full 5G speed for $14.76/20GB.
An eSIM saves $55 compared to 7 days of carrier roaming in Portugal ($14.76 vs $70).
Your carrier's international rates for Portugal
Your carrier charges the moment your phone connects to MEO in Portugal. These are the charges you are here to avoid.
AT&T International Day Pass
AT&T charges $10 per day, auto-triggered when your phone connects to MEO. Calendar-day billing resets at midnight Eastern, not local time. Without the pass: $2.05 per MB. A 7-day trip costs $70.
Verizon TravelPass
Verizon charges $10 per day with a 2GB daily high-speed cap. Auto-enrollment is on by default. The same MEO towers, the same $10 daily charge. Without TravelPass: $2.05 per MB.
T-Mobile Magenta International Data
T-Mobile includes free data at 256 Kbps in 215+ countries. That speed barely loads a map tile. High-speed add-on costs $5-15 per day.
UK Carrier Roaming Rates
EE charges a daily roaming fee post-Brexit. Vodafone charges through Roaming Plus. Both apply fair-use data caps. UK travelers to Portugal face these charges on top of any roaming agreement changes since 2021.
Per-MB Worst Case
$2.05 per MB. One Google Maps session: $20-30. One hour of normal use: $205. One iCloud backup overnight: $1,025-2,099.
Two phones on AT&T International Day Pass in Portugal: $20/day, $140 over 7 days. Four phones: $40/day, $280 for the week. A family trip on Verizon TravelPass costs the same — $10 per device per day on MEO. Four eSIMs on MEO at $14.76 each: $59.04 total for 20GB per device. That is $221 in savings for the family. Each eSIM connects independently to MEO — no shared pool, no per-device daily trigger.
Pre-departure eSIM setup for Portugal
Before Your Flight
- Disable data roaming.iPhone: Settings > Cellular > Cellular Data Options > Data Roaming OFF. Android: Settings > Network & Internet > Mobile Network > Data Roaming OFF.
- Turn off automatic app updates.iOS: Settings > App Store > App Updates OFF. Android: Play Store > Settings > Network preferences > Auto-update over WiFi only.
- Disable cloud backup over cellular. Prevent iCloud or Google from syncing photos and files on mobile data.
- Download offline maps for Portugal. Open Google Maps or Apple Maps and save Portugal for offline use while on home WiFi.
At the Airport
- Switch to airplane mode before boarding.
- Keep airplane mode on during layovers. Each country your phone connects to triggers a separate $10/day charge.
- If your eSIM is already installed, do not activate it until you reach Portugal.
After Landing in Portugal
- Turn off airplane mode.
- Verify data roaming is still OFF on your home SIM.
- Activate your eSIM as the data line. Enable data roaming on the eSIM line only.
- Wait 2-3 minutes for MEO network registration. Check the status bar for the carrier name.
Daily Roaming Hygiene
- Check data usage periodically in Settings.
- Keep your home SIM data roaming OFF at all times.
- Watch for WiFi-to-cellular handoff. Walking out of hotel WiFi range triggers a carrier connection. One push notification on your home SIM costs $10.
eSIM Alternative for Portugal
Why an eSIM Replaces Roaming
An eSIM connects to MEO at 5G speed. Same towers. Same coverage. No daily charge. No per-MB billing. Savings of 85-95% compared to carrier roaming.
Plan Options for Portugal
| Tier | Price | Per GB |
|---|---|---|
| 1GB | $2.21 | $2.21/GB |
| 3GB | $3.82 | $1.27/GB |
| 5GB | $5.59 | $1.12/GB |
| 10GB | $7.70 | $0.77/GB |
| 20GB | $14.76 | $0.74/GB |
Unlimited Daily Plans
For heavy data users, digital nomads, or extended stays, unlimited daily plans remove all data anxiety.
| Days | Price | Per Day |
|---|---|---|
| 1 days | $2.36 | $2.36/day |
| 3 days | $6.79 | $2.26/day |
| 7 days | $15.84 | $2.26/day |
| 14 days | $30.65 | $2.19/day |
| 30 days | $60.52 | $2.02/day |
Recommended Provider
Airalo is the recommended eSIM provider for Portugal. Best Overall with a 4.25/5 rating across 200+ countries. Compare all eSIM providers for Portugal.
Trip cancellations happen. Airalo offers 14-day refund. AT&T's International Day Pass charges $10 the moment your phone touches MEO's network in Portugal — no refund for days you leave early, no credit for data you did not use. If your 7-day trip shortens to 3 days, AT&T still charges for every day your phone connected. Airalo's 20GB plan at $14.76 provides a fixed allocation without per-day billing. Unused data does not generate additional charges. Review cancellation terms before purchasing any eSIM plan for Portugal.
WiFi reliability in Portugal
WiFi Availability
WiFi in Portugal is rated excellent. Portugal has excellent cafe WiFi culture; Madeira offers free WiFi for digital nomads
Remote workers in Portugal need stable upload speeds for video calls and file transfers. Hotel WiFi rarely delivers — upload speeds typically sit at 1-3 Mbps on shared connections. WiFi availability here is excellent. Portugal has excellent cafe WiFi culture; Madeira offers free WiFi for digital nomads. Switching to cellular for work calls is common, but doing so on a home SIM triggers AT&T's $10/day charge per device. A laptop tethered to a roaming phone doubles the data cost. MEO provides 160 Mbps download speeds on cellular — sufficient for video conferencing. A 20GB eSIM at $14.76 provides a dedicated cellular fallback for 7 days without carrier markup.
WiFi Security Risks
Public WiFi in Portugal carries risks: unencrypted networks, man-in-the-middle attacks, and credential theft. Use a VPN when connecting to hotel, airport, or cafe WiFi.
WiFi-to-Cellular Handoff Trap
Walking out of WiFi range triggers your phone to connect to MEOover cellular. One push notification on your home SIM costs $10 with AT&T. Prevention: keep cellular data OFF on your home SIM or use an eSIM as your data line.
WiFi Calling Setup
Keep your home phone number active for calls and texts via WiFi Calling. iPhone: Settings > Phone > WiFi Calling > ON. Android: Settings > Network > WiFi Calling > ON. Works alongside your eSIM data connection. No per-minute carrier roaming charges.
WiFi Assessment for Portugal
Public WiFi networks in Portugal carry the same security risks as anywhere: unencrypted connections, rogue hotspots, and session hijacking. Portugal has excellent cafe WiFi culture; Madeira offers free WiFi for digital nomads WiFi availability is excellent. A travel eSIM eliminates the security tradeoff by providing a private cellular connection on MEO at 160 Mbps. No shared network, no login portal, no man-in-the-middle exposure. AT&T charges $70 for 7 days on the same MEO infrastructure. An e-SIM costs $2.21 for 1GB. Use hotel WiFi for non-sensitive activities like streaming. Route banking, email, and password entry through your eSIM connection.
Offline Preparation for Portugal
- Download Portugal in Google Maps before departure. Tap your profile icon, select Offline Maps, and download the regions you plan to visit. Offline maps include street-level navigation, Points of Interest, and basic search. This saves 3-5 MB per Maps session that would otherwise cost $6-10 at $2.05/MB without a roaming plan.
- Save the local language for Portugal in Google Translate (Settings > Offline Translation > download). Offline mode handles text, voice, and camera input without cellular data. Pre-translate hotel addresses, dietary restrictions, and emergency phrases before departure. Store translations as screenshots for instant offline access.
- Download entertainment before departure. Netflix, Spotify, and podcasts all support offline downloads. A 7-day trip to Portugal needs 5-10 hours of offline content for flights, transit, and downtime. Download on home WiFi. Streaming over an eSIM consumes 700 MB per hour of video, draining your plan quickly.
- Install ride-hailing apps for Portugal before arrival. Create your account and add a payment method on home WiFi. The app download and account setup consume 50-100 MB that you do not want running through a carrier roaming connection.
- Download an offline currency converter app with EUR (€) rates. XE and Currency apps both support offline mode after an initial rate download. The local currency in Portugal is EUR. Pre-load the exchange rate on home WiFi so you can check prices without using cellular data at markets and shops.
- Save booking confirmations, boarding passes, and hotel addresses as PDF files or screenshots on your device. Store them in the Files app or a dedicated folder. If your eSIM data runs out or you lose connectivity in Portugal, offline documents keep your itinerary accessible. Email attachments consume 2-5 MB each to re-download.
- Save 112 as Portugal's emergency number in your contacts. Add your hotel address, embassy phone number, and travel insurance hotline. Store these as a contact card that works without internet access. Emergency calls work on any carrier network in Portugal regardless of your eSIM or roaming status.
Messaging Without Roaming in Portugal
WhatsApp queues messages when offline and sends them the moment connectivity returns. Draft messages, take photos, and record voice notes in Portugal without an active data connection. The app sends everything when your eSIM reconnects to MEO. WhatsApp is the standard across Western and Southern Europe. Telegram has growing adoption in Eastern Europe. iMessage is common among iPhone users but does not cross the Android divide. Download WhatsApp and Telegram before departure. Pre-save frequent contacts. Offline-drafted messages consume zero data until sent. An e SIM on MEO at $2.21 for 1GB provides the connection that flushes the queue. AT&T charges $10/day for the same queue-flush on the same MEO towers.
The Airport Roaming Trap in Portugal
Your phone connects to MEO the moment the aircraft doors open at Lisbon (LIS) / Porto (OPO) / Faro (FAO). The immigration queue takes 20-60 minutes. During that wait, background apps sync email, check weather, and refresh notifications. AT&T's International Day Pass triggers on the first data byte. Verizon TravelPass auto-enrolls simultaneously. You have not opened a single app yet. The charge: $10 for AT&T, $10 for Verizon. Over 7 days: $70. Prevention: enable airplane mode before landing. Keep it on through customs. Install your eSIM on airport WiFi if not already installed. Activate the e SIM as your data line. Then disable airplane mode. Your phone connects to MEO through the eSIM at $2.21 for 1GB. No $10 trigger.
Bill Shock Prevention Checklist for Portugal
AT&T
- Open the myAT&T app or visit att.com/international before departure.
- Check if International Day Pass ($10/day in Portugal) is auto-enabled on your plan. If so, remove it under Account > International > Manage Day Pass.
- Disable data roaming on your iPhone: Settings > Cellular > Cellular Data Options > Data Roaming OFF.
- Disable data roaming on Android: Settings > Connections > Mobile Networks > Data Roaming OFF.
- Install a Portugal eSIM before boarding: 1GB on MEO from $2.21.
- Set your eSIM as the primary data line: iPhone Settings > Cellular > Cellular Data > select eSIM line.
- Turn off Background App Refresh for non-essential apps: Settings > General > Background App Refresh.
- AT&T Day Pass resets at midnight US Eastern time, not WET/WEST (UTC+0/+1). A late-evening arrival in Portugal can trigger two Day Pass charges in two hours.
- After landing at Lisbon (LIS) / Porto (OPO) / Faro (FAO): verify data roaming is OFF on your AT&T line and ON for your eSIM line.
- Check your AT&T account 48 hours after return. Dispute any charges within the first billing cycle. AT&T occasionally waives first-time roaming charges.
- Total AT&T Day Pass cost for 7 days: $70. Total eSIM cost: $14.76 for 20GB. Savings: $55.24.
Verizon
- Open the My Verizon app or visit verizon.com/travel before departure.
- Check if TravelPass ($10/day, 2 GB high-speed cap in Portugal) is active. Remove it under Plan > Travel > Remove TravelPass.
- Verizon TravelPass auto-enrolls when your phone connects to MEO. The charge triggers before you clear customs at Lisbon (LIS) / Porto (OPO) / Faro (FAO).
- Disable data roaming: iPhone Settings > Cellular > Cellular Data Options > Data Roaming OFF.
- Android: Settings > Connections > Mobile Networks > Data Roaming OFF.
- Install a Portugal e-SIM before departure: 1GB on MEO from $2.21.
- Verizon caps high-speed data at 2 GB per day on TravelPass. After the cap, speed drops to 600 Kbps for the rest of the day. The eSIM has no daily cap.
- After landing at Lisbon (LIS) / Porto (OPO) / Faro (FAO): confirm your Verizon line shows "No Service" or "SOS Only." Your eSIM line should show MEO with signal bars.
- Verify no TravelPass charges appear on your Verizon bill within 48 hours of return. Call 611 to dispute within the first billing cycle.
- Total Verizon TravelPass cost for 7 days: $70. eSIM alternative: $14.76 for 20GB. Savings: $55.24.
T-Mobile
- T-Mobile Magenta and Go5G include free international data in Portugal, but speed is throttled to 256 Kbps.
- At 256 Kbps: Google Maps takes 30+ seconds to load, ride-hailing apps time out, video calls fail, and photo uploads take 2-5 minutes each.
- T-Mobile Go5G Plus adds 5 GB high-speed for $5/day. Go5G Next includes 15 GB/month at high speed. Check which plan you have in the T-Mobile app under Account > Plan Details.
- Calls on T-Mobile cost $0.25/minute in Portugal. Use WhatsApp or FaceTime calling over your eSIM data to avoid per-minute charges.
- Install a Portugal eSIM for full-speed data: 1GB on MEO at $2.21. Set the e SIM as your data line and keep T-Mobile for calls and texts.
- T-Mobile's free 2G tier is useful for: text-only WhatsApp messages, basic email (no attachments), and low-bandwidth background sync. It is not useful for: Maps, photos, video, social media, or ride-hailing.
- After your trip: check your T-Mobile bill for $0.25/minute call charges. Dispute within the first billing cycle if unexpected charges appear.
Local SIM vs eSIM in Portugal
Local prepaid SIMs at Lisbon (LIS) / Porto (OPO) / Faro (FAO) in Portugal cost $8-15 for 10-30GB / 28 days. Available from Vodafone, NOS, and MEO at airport counters. Wait time: 10-15 min. Passport registration required (Passport or EU ID required for SIM purchase). An eSIM on MEO starts at $2.21 for 1GB with zero wait time and no passport scan. Install before departure. Activate after landing. The convenience gap is largest for short trips. For stays over 30 days, a local prepaid SIM may offer more data per dollar. For trips under 14 days, the e-SIM wins on time, convenience, and total cost.
How to Avoid Roaming Charges in Portugal
To avoid roaming charges in Portugal, turn off data roaming in your phone settings and activate a travel eSIM on MEO.
AT&T, Verizon, and T-Mobile each charge differently for Portugal roaming. AT&T: $10/day. Verizon: $10/day with 2GB cap. T-Mobile: free but throttled to 256 Kbps. An eSIM on MEO gives full 5G speed for $14.76/20GB.
- Go to Settings and disable Data Roaming on your carrier's SIM.
- Buy a 20GB eSIM for Portugal ($14.76 on MEO).
- Add the eSIM: Settings > Cellular > Add eSIM > scan QR code.
- Select the eSIM as mobile data. Your home number stays active for calls.
An eSIM saves $55 compared to 7 days of carrier roaming in Portugal ($14.76 vs $70).
Step-by-Step Avoidance Plan for Portugal
Step 1: Buy an eSIM for Portugal before your trip ($14.76 for 20GB). Step 2: Install it via Settings on your phone — no physical SIM needed. Step 3: Turn off carrier data roaming to block surprise charges. Step 4: Land in Portugal, enable the eSIM, and connect to MEO. Result: 5G speeds, $55 saved vs $10/day roaming.
Accidental Roaming Charges in Portugal
US carriers charge $10/day in Portugal. Over 7 days, that bill reaches $70. An eSIM on MEO delivers 20GB for $14.76.
Emergency Contacts and Safety
Emergency Number
The emergency number in Portugal is 112. Save this in your phone contacts before departure. Emergency calls work without a data plan. Voice roaming is separate from data roaming.
Offline Maps and Translation
Download Google Maps or Apple Maps offline for Portugal. Download the Google Translate language pack if Portugal is a non-English speaking country. Both work without any data connection.
Embassy and Consulate Access
Download your embassy or consulate contact information before departure. Save as offline contacts. If you have an eSIM installed, embassy websites and phone numbers are accessible through your data connection.
Portugal-Specific Considerations
SIM Registration Requirements
Portugal requires SIM card registration with a passport. Passport or EU ID required for SIM purchase
Country-Specific Quirks
- Madeira launched a Digital Nomad Village with free WiFi and co-working spaces
- Portugal uses UTC+0 like the UK — not CET like neighboring Spain despite geographic proximity
- Vodafone PT consistently ranked best for coverage in rural Alentejo and mountain areas
- EU roaming applies — Portuguese SIMs work across all EU countries
- Lisbon's tram system has limited mobile coverage in tunnels
Everything to set up before Portugal
Disable data roaming: Settings > Cellular > Data Roaming OFF (do this before departure).
Install a Portugal eSIM while on home WiFi — plans from $2.21 for 1GB on MEO.
Save 112 as Portugal's emergency number in your contacts.
Pack a Type C/F power adapter for Portugal.
Local currency is EUR (€).
Time zone: WET/WEST (UTC+0/+1). Adjust your phone clock on arrival.
After landing at Lisbon (LIS) / Porto (OPO) / Faro (FAO): turn off airplane mode, activate your eSIM as the data line.
Keep your home SIM active for calls and texts via WiFi Calling.
Everything you asked about roaming in Portugal, answered
How do I turn off data roaming on my iPhone for Portugal?
Go to Settings > Cellular > Cellular Data Options > Data Roaming and toggle it off. Do this before boarding. Once your phone detects MEO's tower in Portugal, AT&T charges $10/day the instant any data crosses the connection. On Android: Settings > Connections > Mobile Networks > Data Roaming (off). After disabling roaming, install your Portugal eSIM while still on home WiFi. Set the eSIM as your data line before landing. Your home SIM stays active for calls and texts while the eSIM handles all data without touching your carrier plan.
Can background apps trigger roaming charges in Portugal?
Yes, background apps are one of the most common sources of surprise roaming bills. With data roaming enabled and no day pass, AT&T charges $2.05/MB in Portugal. Background App Refresh on iPhone syncs mail, news, and social apps every 15-30 minutes automatically, including at 3am while you sleep. A single overnight background sync session can accumulate $50-200 in charges without you opening your phone. Disable Background App Refresh before travel: Settings > General > Background App Refresh > Off. Then disable data roaming. An eSIM replaces carrier data entirely. Background syncs bill against the eSIM's flat-rate data at $2.21, not your home carrier's per-MB rate.
How do I check how much roaming data I used in Portugal?
On iPhone: Settings > Cellular > scroll down to "Current Period Roaming" to see total roaming data consumed. On Android: Settings > Connections > Data Usage > Mobile Data Usage > select your SIM, then filter by roaming. Check this immediately after landing in Portugal to catch charges early. AT&T also sends usage alerts at 50%, 75%, and 100% of Day Pass data limits. Log into the myAT&T or My Verizon app for itemized charges from MEO. If roaming data appeared, enable Airplane Mode, disable data roaming, and call your carrier within 48 hours. Prevent future charges with an eSIM at $2.21 for 1GB.
What is the cheapest way to avoid roaming charges in Portugal?
A prepaid eSIM is the most cost-effective way to avoid roaming charges in Portugal. The best per-GB rate is the 20GB plan at $14.76 total, which works out to $0.74/GB on MEO. Disable data roaming on your home SIM before departure and install the eSIM as your data line. Your home SIM keeps your number active for calls and texts. The eSIM handles all data at flat-rate pricing with no per-day activation fees and no per-MB overages.
How much does roaming cost in Portugal?
AT&T International Day Pass charges $10/day in Portugal, totaling $70 for a 7-day trip. Verizon TravelPass costs the same $10/day. Without a day pass, AT&T pay-per-use rates reach $2.05/MB, so a 50 MB Google Maps session costs over $100. T-Mobile includes free international data but throttles to 256 Kbps, which is too slow for navigation or video calls. A travel eSIM connects to MEO starting at $2.21 for 1 GB with no daily activation fee and no per-MB overages.
Can I use WhatsApp and FaceTime with an eSIM in Portugal?
Yes. WhatsApp, FaceTime, and all messaging apps work normally on an eSIM data connection in Portugal. WhatsApp voice calls use 0.5-1 MB/minute. Video calls use 3-5 MB/minute. A 30-minute FaceTime video call consumes approximately 150 MB. With an eSIM on MEO starting at $2.21, these calls cost a fraction of carrier international calling rates ($1.00-3.00/minute). Your home number stays on your home SIM for regular SMS and calls.
What happens to my home number while using an eSIM in Portugal?
Your home number stays fully active. With dual-SIM setup, your home SIM keeps your phone number for calls and texts while the Portugal eSIM handles data on MEO. You receive calls on your home number. SMS messages arrive normally. Data routes through the eSIM at $2.21 instead of your carrier's $10/day roaming. On iPhone, set Cellular Data to the eSIM line and Default Voice to your home SIM. Both lines work simultaneously. Your home number is not affected by the eSIM installation and remains active throughout your entire trip.
Is eSIM coverage as good as carrier roaming in Portugal?
eSIM coverage in Portugal is identical to carrier roaming because both use MEO's towers. AT&T and Verizon do not operate their own infrastructure abroad. They pay MEO for roaming access and charge you $10/day. An eSIM accesses the same MEO network directly at $2.21/GB. In practice, eSIM users sometimes get better speeds because carrier roaming agreements can deprioritize international users during congestion. Both methods deliver 5G in Portugal with typical speeds around 160 Mbps.
Should I enable WiFi Calling before traveling to Portugal?
Yes. WiFi Calling lets you make and receive calls using your home number over any WiFi network without roaming charges. On iPhone: Settings > Phone > WiFi Calling > toggle on. On Android: Settings > Connections > WiFi Calling > toggle on. Test it at home before departure. With WiFi Calling active in Portugal, incoming calls ring through WiFi instead of MEO's roaming network. Combined with an eSIM for data ($2.21), you have full phone functionality at zero carrier roaming cost. AT&T, Verizon, and T-Mobile all support WiFi Calling. Check with your carrier to confirm it works for international destinations.
Can I get a refund on carrier roaming charges from Portugal?
Carrier roaming charges are nearly impossible to reverse after the first billing cycle. AT&T may waive first-time overcharges as a "courtesy credit" within 48 hours. Verizon offers similar one-time adjustments. After that, charges from MEO are final. Day Pass charges are non-refundable because they are classified as "used" once triggered. With an eSIM at $14.76 for 20GB, your maximum cost is fixed at purchase. If the eSIM does not activate, most providers refund within 14-30 days. The financial risk of an eSIM is $14.76; the risk of carrier roaming is uncapped.
Does EU free roaming apply in Portugal?
EU roam-like-at-home applies within EU member states. If Portugal is in the EU, your European carrier plan works without extra charges, but "fair use" limits apply. Most EU carriers cap roaming at the same data volume as your home plan, after which speed drops to 64 Kbps. US travelers get no EU roaming benefit. AT&T, Verizon, and T-Mobile charge standard international rates in Portugal. An eSIM starting at $2.21 avoids the fair-use throttle and the EU policy complexity.
Do I need to register a SIM card in Portugal?
Passport or EU ID required for SIM purchase This applies to local physical SIM cards only. A travel eSIM installed before departure does not require local registration. It activates through your provider's app and connects to MEO without any in-person paperwork. Plans start at $2.21.
What is the best data strategy for a cruise port stop near Portugal?
Install a Portugal eSIM before your cruise departure. During the port stop, disable Airplane Mode and your eSIM connects to MEO automatically. You get full mobile data for the time ashore at $2.21 on a flat-rate plan. No daily carrier fees, no per-MB maritime rates. When the ship leaves port, re-enable Airplane Mode to stop cellular billing and switch to ship WiFi. This port-stop eSIM strategy costs far less than AT&T Day Pass ($10 per port day) and eliminates the risk of your phone connecting to the maritime satellite network while returning to the ship.
How do I track my data usage to avoid roaming overages in Portugal?
On iPhone, go to Settings > Cellular > scroll down to "Current Period" for total data used. Reset the counter before your trip: scroll to the bottom and tap "Reset Statistics." The counter tracks all data from that moment forward. Check it daily in Portugal. "Current Period Roaming" shows only the data charged to your roaming connection on MEO. If you are using an eSIM, the eSIM line shows usage under its own section. Set a mental alert at 80% of your plan size. When you hit that threshold, switch to WiFi-only for heavy downloads.
Stop paying roaming charges in Portugal.
A 1GB eSIM costs $2.21. AT&T charges $70 for the same 7 days. Same MEO towers.
Former consumer pricing analyst at J.D. Power covering wireless carrier satisfaction surveys
How we verify rates →We earn a commission when you purchase through links on this page. It does not change our rankings or the price you pay.